Caribbean sailboat
A 40-foot cruising catamaran anchored in the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Roof space is tight (~300 W of flexible panels), but the tropical
clearness index stays high year-round, so a 200 Ah AGM battery bank
is enough to run the marine fridge, autopilot standby, chartplotter,
VHF radio, and LED lighting overnight. It's a good example of how a
small system in steady sun can outdo a bigger battery in a cloudier
place.
Make the following input adjustments to see how the system is affected: bump panel watts to ~450 if you
have a soft bimini you can add a flexible panel to, or drop the
fridge duty cycle if you're under sail and water-cooled.
Open in calculator →
Colorado cabin
A weekend cabin in the foothills above Golden, Colorado. The
~7,500 ft elevation and clear Mountain West sky mean strong
harvest for most of the year, but cold and snowy winters push
the panel tilt steep (50°) to favor low-angle winter sun. The
1.2 kW array and 200 Ah LiFePO4 battery system at 24 V are sized for
a multi-day cloudy stretch in February, the worst-case month.
Make the following input adjustments to see how the system is affected: try switching Charge
Controller from MPPT to PWM to see how a poor controller
choice costs ~25% of harvest in a high-altitude install, where
every Wh matters. Or drop the Solar Access fraction in
December–February to model snow load on the panels.
Open in calculator →
Phoenix van life
Roof area caps the panel array at ~400 W, but Phoenix's clearness
index sits near 0.65 year-round so the small array pulls its
weight every day. A 100 Ah LiFePO4 battery bank at 12 V buffers the
vent fan running on summer afternoons and a brief induction-burner
pulse for cooking.
Make the following input adjustments to see how the system is affected: the induction burner is a 1,500 W
spike on a 15-minute duty cycle. Watch what happens to the
inverter overload warning if you bump it to a full hour. This one
is built to show the
duty-cycle modeling.
Open in calculator →
Vermont homestead
A year-round off-grid house in northern New England. Solar
production drops significantly from November to February, right
when the power demand (heat pump, longer lighting hours) goes up,
so this design pairs a 3.2 kW solar array with a 600 W small-wind
turbine on an 18-meter tower. The turbine covers the winter
shortfall. A 400 Ah LiFePO4 battery bank at 48 V gives the whole
house a buffer through a cloudy, windless week.
Make the following input adjustments to see how the system is affected: toggle the wind block off and
watch the November and December rows go red. That's when the wind
turbine outshines the sun. Or push the tower height from 18 m to
24 m to see the cubed-velocity scaling in the wind model.
Open in calculator →